Extracellulära Matrixen (ECM)
Vävnadsutrymmet mellan cellerna; den extracellulära matrisen (ECM), består av fiberproteiner, samt av en flytande gel som kallas grundsubstans.
Fiberproteinerna är mest kollagen, som ger styrka, elasticitet och struktur, och grundsubstansens huvudbeståndsdel är hyaluronsyra och vatten som bland annat ger viskositet och glidfunktion till bindvävens olika lager.
I grundsubstansen finns även flera andra föreningar av proteiner och kolhydrater, t ex något som kallas kondroitinsulfat, som också innehåller svavel vilket hyaluronsyra saknar.
ECM består framförallt av tre komponenter;
Fiberproteiner: främst olika typer av kollagen och elastiska fibrer
Grundsubstans: glukosaminoglykaner (GAG, hyaluronsyra är en typ av GAG) och proteoglykaner (PG)
Linkproteiner: icke kollagena proteiner
Utöver detta även
- Joner – t ex Na, K, Ca, Mg mm
- och vatten
Större delen av det vatten vi har i kroppen, förutom i blod, lymfa och tarmsystem finns i fascian.
99 % av de kemiska reaktioner som sker i vår kropp kräver vatten! Vatten ger också vår vävnad volym och därmed dess mekaniska funktion.
Fiberproteinerna står för struktur, hållfasthet och elasticitet.
Grundsubstansen svarar för den ”flytande” delen med stora molekyler som binder stora mängder vatten för att bland annat kunna ansvara för transport och diffusion av joner, näringsämnen, avfallsämnen med mera, mellan blodets kapillärer och cellerna. Även kommunikation mellan celler, fungerar med hjälp av grundsubstansen.
Linkproteinernas huvudsakliga uppgift är att binda kollagenfibrer till cellmembranen, vilket gör att alla celler har en mekanisk kontakt via den extracellulära matrixen. Linkproteiner hjälper också till att binda fast proteinkedjor på HA-molekyler så att det bildas proteoglykaner.
Beståndsdelarna i ECM bildas ifrån olika celler i bindväven. Sammansättningen av ECM och proportionerna mellan de olika komponenterna varierar beroende av den mekaniska belastning som vävnadens celler utsätts för. Allt för att anpassas efter de behov och krav som ställs på vävnaden. Den mekaniska belastningen på ECM och därmed cellerna gör att cellerna svarar med att producera olika komponenter och signalproteiner. Detta kallas mekanotransduktion, då mekanisk belastning på celler omvandlas till ett kemiskt svar. Fysik blir till kemi!
Sammansättningen och förändring i ECM och grundsubstans och bland annat den snabba förändringen hyaluronsyrans molekylsammansättning är nya insikter som givit ny kunskap om hur fascian påverkar uppkomst av olika typer av problem, som t ex ryggont, tennisarmbåge, frozen shoulder, nackont med mera. Problem som kan vara svåra att diagnostisera då förändringar i grundsubstansen inte syns på röntgen, MRI, ultraljud mm. Mer om det senare.
- Av Camilla Ranje Nordin, Lärare i Fasciakunskap & Fasciabehandling
Fascians anatomi & fysiologi
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Fascia as a flow – a new way of explaining the body’s function
By beginning to see the body as something that is alive, and not something that is dead, we have been able to begin to notice other things.
Hyaluronan
Hyaluronan has a number of important physiological functions in our body and is critical for the slide and glide effects between muscle fibers and fascial sublayers. Therefore, it greatly affects our ability to move in balance and it helps maintain tissue homeostasis.
Fascia – a New Anatomical Perspective
Recent research in recent years shows that Fascia has a much greater significance for health, aches, and pain than previously believed.
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Extracellular Matrix (ECM)
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Embryology of fascia
During the embryonic development, three primary layers of cells forms, which give rise to all tissues and organs. One of them is the origin of fascia, skeletal, cartilage and muscle, all components which are associated with locomotion.
Guimberteau
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Fascia helps us understand the body as a whole
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Stress and sugar harms fascia functions
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Is fascia affected by sex hormones?
Banbrytande ny forskning visar hur kollagenproduktionen över hela kroppen påverkas av könshormoner, som t ex östrogen. Läs mer här
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Recent research in recent years shows that Fascia has a much greater significance for health, aches, and pain than previously believed.
Fascia in Horses – Danish veterinary exploring uncharted territory
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Fascia and The Living Body
”Fascia and the Living Body” is a document about the scientific understanding of the body as a living whole.
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Training for strengthened Fascia
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On the Fascia Guide FAQ we have gathered the most common questions and answers about Fascia. Is there anything you would like to know? Visit the page and submit your question.
The influence of mechanical forces on Fascia?
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The Fascia Guide Method
During the last couple of years we have developed a simple but powerful method of communication, used by hundreds of health professionals, to inspire their customers & improve relations.
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Fascia Research Database
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Therefore, the researchers believe that the nervous system resides in Fascia
The fascial network exists in various compositions, structures, and configurations throughout the entire body and is a crucial and essential part of the body’s function…
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