Extracellulära Matrixen (ECM)
Vävnadsutrymmet mellan cellerna; den extracellulära matrisen (ECM), består av fiberproteiner, samt av en flytande gel som kallas grundsubstans.
Fiberproteinerna är mest kollagen, som ger styrka, elasticitet och struktur, och grundsubstansens huvudbeståndsdel är hyaluronsyra och vatten som bland annat ger viskositet och glidfunktion till bindvävens olika lager.
I grundsubstansen finns även flera andra föreningar av proteiner och kolhydrater, t ex något som kallas kondroitinsulfat, som också innehåller svavel vilket hyaluronsyra saknar.
ECM består framförallt av tre komponenter;
Fiberproteiner: främst olika typer av kollagen och elastiska fibrer
Grundsubstans: glukosaminoglykaner (GAG, hyaluronsyra är en typ av GAG) och proteoglykaner (PG)
Linkproteiner: icke kollagena proteiner
Utöver detta även
- Joner – t ex Na, K, Ca, Mg mm
- och vatten
Större delen av det vatten vi har i kroppen, förutom i blod, lymfa och tarmsystem finns i fascian.
99 % av de kemiska reaktioner som sker i vår kropp kräver vatten! Vatten ger också vår vävnad volym och därmed dess mekaniska funktion.
Fiberproteinerna står för struktur, hållfasthet och elasticitet.
Grundsubstansen svarar för den ”flytande” delen med stora molekyler som binder stora mängder vatten för att bland annat kunna ansvara för transport och diffusion av joner, näringsämnen, avfallsämnen med mera, mellan blodets kapillärer och cellerna. Även kommunikation mellan celler, fungerar med hjälp av grundsubstansen.
Linkproteinernas huvudsakliga uppgift är att binda kollagenfibrer till cellmembranen, vilket gör att alla celler har en mekanisk kontakt via den extracellulära matrixen. Linkproteiner hjälper också till att binda fast proteinkedjor på HA-molekyler så att det bildas proteoglykaner.
Beståndsdelarna i ECM bildas ifrån olika celler i bindväven. Sammansättningen av ECM och proportionerna mellan de olika komponenterna varierar beroende av den mekaniska belastning som vävnadens celler utsätts för. Allt för att anpassas efter de behov och krav som ställs på vävnaden. Den mekaniska belastningen på ECM och därmed cellerna gör att cellerna svarar med att producera olika komponenter och signalproteiner. Detta kallas mekanotransduktion, då mekanisk belastning på celler omvandlas till ett kemiskt svar. Fysik blir till kemi!
Sammansättningen och förändring i ECM och grundsubstans och bland annat den snabba förändringen hyaluronsyrans molekylsammansättning är nya insikter som givit ny kunskap om hur fascian påverkar uppkomst av olika typer av problem, som t ex ryggont, tennisarmbåge, frozen shoulder, nackont med mera. Problem som kan vara svåra att diagnostisera då förändringar i grundsubstansen inte syns på röntgen, MRI, ultraljud mm. Mer om det senare.
- Av Camilla Ranje Nordin, Lärare i Fasciakunskap & Fasciabehandling
Fascians anatomi & fysiologi
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Hyaluronan
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Guimberteau
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David Lesondak describes how stretching the fascia is vital for rehabilitation from injury at the 2018 Fascia Research Congress in Berlin
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Why do so many female football players suffer from cruciate ligament injuries?
A lot of injuries after a long break might not be that unusual – but why do so many female athletes suffer from cruciate ligament injuries?
Fascia and The Living Body
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Get a deeper introduction to new Fascia Research with the 2018 German documentary ”The mysterious world under the skin”.
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The Fascia Movie – The Body’s Network Without Beginning or End
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Are my problems related to Fascia?
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What causes back pain?
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Fascia – a New Anatomical Perspective
Recent research in recent years shows that Fascia has a much greater significance for health, aches, and pain than previously believed.
Get the lymph flow!
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The importance of vitamin C in pregnancy, childbirth and jaundice in newborns.
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Is fascia affected by sex hormones?
Banbrytande ny forskning visar hur kollagenproduktionen över hela kroppen påverkas av könshormoner, som t ex östrogen. Läs mer här
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The Fascia Guide Method
During the last couple of years we have developed a simple but powerful method of communication, used by hundreds of health professionals, to inspire their customers & improve relations.
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Exclusive interview with Gil Headly explaining how Fascia changes the perspective on how we look at the body at the 2015 Fascia Research Congress in Washington DC.
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We have been preparing our whole lives to NOT be able to understand the importance of fascia
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Frequently Asked Questions about Fascia
On the Fascia Guide FAQ we have gathered the most common questions and answers about Fascia. Is there anything you would like to know? Visit the page and submit your question.
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Fascia Research Database
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The discovery of a new cell at the 2018 Fascia Research Congress in Berlin
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Training for strengthened Fascia
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