Akkermansia muciniphila; Dysbiosis; Exosomes; Inflammation; Probiotics; microRNA

Effects of gut microbiota-derived extracellular vesicles on obesity and diabetes and their potential modulation through diet

This narrative review explores how small sacs called extracellular vesicles (EVs), released by gut bacteria, influence the development of obesity and diabetes. These vesicles act as messengers, carrying bioactive molecu…